Cover Letter Salutations in the Digital Age

When to Use "To Whom It May Concern"

In a digital age where email and online job applications are prevalent, the salutation "To Whom It May Concern" in a cover letter may seem outdated. However...

Appropriate Alternatives

Personalized Salutation

Whenever possible, research the hiring manager or recruiter and personalize the salutation with their name. Address them by their first and last name, using titles such as Mr., Ms., or Dr. as appropriate.

Departmental Salutation

If you know the name of the department or team you are applying to but not the specific individual, use: "Hiring Manager, [Department Name]".

General Salutation

In rare cases where you cannot determine the recipient's name or department, consider using "Dear Hiring Team" or "Dear Recruiter."

When to Avoid "To Whom It May Concern"

Avoid using "To Whom It May Concern" when you...

• Have the contact information of a specific hiring manager or recruiter.
• Know the name of the department or team responsible for hiring for the position.
• Are applying for a position in a highly competitive or specialized field.

Using a personalized or appropriate alternative will demonstrate your professionalism, attention to detail, and that you have invested time in your application.